The main city on Sri Lanka’s eastern seaboard, Trincomalee lies on one of the best natural deep water harbours in the world. With a deep history going back to the times of great Dravidian dynasties, its strategic importance has made it a coveted possession throughout colonial times changing hands from the Portuguese, to the Dutch and then to the British, who defended it against air raids by Japan during World War 2. Although now mostly relegated to a pass through point on the way to the blissful beaches of Nilaveli and Uppuveli, Trincomalee offers plenty to do and see.

Towering high above the north end of the harbour, Swami Rock is part of the Ramayana epic. According to the legend, a giant spilt in the rock here called Ravana’s Cleft was said to have been created when Lord Shiva made Ravana dropped his sword when he was attempting to heave the rock into the sea. Below the rock lies Kodiyar Bay, where it is customary for fishing boats to circle asking for blessings from the Gods before heading out to sea. Nearby, the Koneswaram Kovil is one of three important Shiva temples in Sri Lanka. Fort Fredrick, built to defend the port marks the importance the Portuguese and Dutch placed on the city.

The waters off Trincomalee are the site of many wrecks and make for interesting diving, and the reefs not too far from shore offer excellent snorkeling. It is also a well documented hotspot for whale watching.

Written by Jonathan Roelofsz for Travel Lanka Compass